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Using DRA, DRI, and DRO procedures (G-14)
• Provide one original example of DRO, one example of DRI, and one example of DRA. Be sure to come up with your own example.
Sample Answer
Title: The Effectiveness of Behavior Modification Techniques in Applied Behavior Analysis
Thesis Statement: The implementation of Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO), Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI), and Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) procedures in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) has been shown to be effective in modifying behavior and promoting positive changes in individuals.
Behavior modification techniques, such as DRO, DRI, and DRA, are essential components of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) in addressing various behavioral issues. These procedures are designed to reinforce specific behaviors while extinguishing or reducing others, ultimately leading to positive behavior change. Let’s explore three original examples of these techniques in action.
DRO (Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior):
An original example of DRO involves a child who engages in disruptive behavior, such as yelling out in class for attention. In this scenario, the teacher implements a DRO procedure by reinforcing the absence of the disruptive behavior. The child is given a token or a sticker for every five minutes of staying quiet and attentive in class. This reinforces the opposite behavior to the disruptive one and encourages the child to exhibit more appropriate behavior.
DRI (Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior):
Consider a situation where a teenager displays aggressive behavior when feeling frustrated or angry, often resulting in physical outbursts. In this case, DRI can be implemented by encouraging the teenager to engage in a more acceptable behavior that is incompatible with aggression, such as deep breathing exercises or using a stress ball. When the teenager successfully utilizes these alternative behaviors during times of frustration, they receive positive reinforcement, such as verbal praise or additional privileges. This process helps to replace the aggressive behavior with a more constructive and incompatible one.
DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior):
In a workplace setting, an employee consistently arrives late for work, causing disruptions and delays. To address this issue using DRA, the supervisor could encourage the employee to arrive on time by offering a reward or incentive for punctuality, such as earning extra paid time off or participating in an employee recognition program. By reinforcing the alternative behavior of arriving on time, the employee is motivated to change their habitual lateness and adopt a more desirable behavior.
In conclusion, the application of DRO, DRI, and DRA procedures within the framework of Applied Behavior Analysis has proven to be effective in shaping behavior and promoting positive changes. These techniques provide valuable tools for practitioners working with individuals across various settings, including schools, homes, and workplaces. By understanding and utilizing these behavior modification strategies, professionals can help individuals replace maladaptive behaviors with more adaptive ones, leading to improved overall functioning and quality of life.
