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Scenario deals with dwarfism and is quoted from Science News.
A husband and his pregnant wife seek genetic counseling. Each carries one flawed copy of the gene responsible for achondroplasia; therefore, they are both dwarfs. Recently, a California research team described the mutation in a gene on chromosome 4 that causes achondroplasia. The counselor explains that genetic testing can determine whether the fetus has inherited the mutated gene. In the discussion, the couple informs the counselor that they will abort any fetus that carries two mutant genes. That’s not surprising because children born with two such genes rarely survive beyond infancy. This couple has had a child in this circumstance who died when it was 2 months old.
This time around, they say, they want a baby who is heterozygous for the achondroplasia trait. This child inherits a flawed gene from one parent and a healthy gene from the other parent. That genetic combination means the child will be a dwarf—just like the parents. At the same time, the parents say, they will abort any fetus that does not inherit one copy of the mutant gene. Should the counseling center perform the test, knowing that the couple plans to abort a healthy fetus?
Some of the things to consider include the fact that achondroplasia is a serious disorder. The bones can be abnormal in structure, sometimes requiring the use of a wheelchair. Yet, many dwarfs live long, healthy lives and don’t regard their condition as a disability. In addition, some couples with this condition worry about problems involved in raising a normal-sized child.
• Determine what the ethical dilemma is for the scenario (perform the test or not?).
• What would you do if you were the genetic counselor?
• Present arguments for both sides of the issue.
• Remember that genetic counselors should present options to clients and not make decisions.
