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Diagnosis: Acute Pharyngitis

 

 

Mr. Smith brings his 4-year-old son to your primary care office. He states the boy has been ill for three days. Mr. Smith indicates that he would like antibiotics so he can send his son back to pre-school the next day.
History – Child began with sneezing, mild cough, and low grade fever of 100 degrees three days ago. All immunizations UTD. Father reports that the child has had only two incidents of URI and no other illnesses.
Social – non-smoking household. Child attends preschool four mornings a week and is insured through his father’s employment. No other siblings in the household.
PE/ROS -T 99, R 20, P 100. Alert, cooperative, in good spirits, well-hydrated. Mildly erythemic throat, no exudate, tonsils +2. Both ears mild pink tympanic membrane with good movement. Lungs clear bilaterally. All other systems WNL.
Do not consider COVID-19 for this patient diagnosis.
For the assignment, do the following:
1. Diagnose the child and describe how you arrived at the diagnosis (i.e. how you ruled out other diagnoses).
2. Provide a specific treatment plan for this patient, pharmacologic and/or nonpharmacologic.
3. Provide a communication plan for how the family will be involved in the treatment plan.
4. Provide resources that Mr. Smith could access which would provide information concerning your treatment decisions.
5. Utilize national standards, your pharm and/or patho book and medical or advanced practice professional sources. Do not use patient-facing sources or general nursing texts to support your diagnosis and treatment.
6. Use references to support your concepts. Utilize correct APA formatting and mechanics of professional communication.

 

Sample Answer

 

Diagnosis: Acute Pharyngitis
Diagnosis: Based on the patient’s history and physical examination findings, the most likely diagnosis for the 4-year-old boy is acute pharyngitis. The presence of sneezing, mild cough, low-grade fever mildly eryth throat, and +2 tonsils suggests an inflammatory affecting the. The absence of exudate and the clear lungs indicate that the infection is likely rather than bacterial, ruling outptococcal phngitis.

Treatment plan: Since the diagnosis is consistent with a viral infection, antibiotics are not warranted as they are ineffective against viral infections. Instead, the treatment plan for this patient should focus on symptomatic relief and supportive care. The following nonpharmacologic measures can be recommended:

Encourage increased fluid intake to maintain hydration and soothe the throat.
Suggest the use of saline nasal drops or sprays to relieve nasal congestion.
Recommend warm saltwater gargles to alleviate throat discomfort.
Advise rest and adequate sleep to facilitate recovery.
Pharmacologic options for symptomatic relief may include:

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain management.
Throat lozenges or sprays containing benzocaine or menthol to temporarily relieve throat pain.
Cough suppressants may be considered if the cough is persistent and disruptive to sleep.
Communication plan: To involve the family in the treatment plan, it is essential to provide them with clear and concise information about the diagnosis, treatment options, and expected outcomes. A communication plan could include:
Explaining the diagnosis of acute pharyngitis and the rationale behind not prescribing antibiotics.
Educating the family about the self-limiting nature of viral infections and the importance of supportive care.
Discussing the nonpharmacologic measures and pharmacologic options for symptomatic relief.
Addressing any concerns or questions the family may have regarding the diagnosis or treatment.
Resources for Mr. Smith: To provide Mr. Smith with additional information concerning the treatment decisions, he can access reliable resources such as:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): The CDC website provides guidelines, recommendations, and educational material on various health conditions, including acute pharyngitis.
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): The AAP website offers information for parents on common childhood illnesses, including acute pharyngitis, along with guidance on appropriate management strategies.
MedlinePlus: This online resource by the National Library of Medicine offers comprehensive information on health topics, including symptoms, treatments, and self-care measures for various conditions.
References:
Goljan, E. F. (2018). Rapid Review Pathology (5th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences.
Woo, T. M., & Wynne, A. L. (2018). Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice Prescribers (5th ed.). F.A. Davis Company.
APA formatting: Please note that APA formatting is not applicable in this context since this is a written response rather than a formal essay or research paper. However, I have provided references at the end of my response to support the concepts discussed in this assignment.

 

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