Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Study Analysis

Scenario:
Client, Sarah Collins, has chronic kidney disease. She receives dialysis twice a week. Today when Mrs. Collins arrives at the dialysis clinic, the nurse assesses Mrs. Collins and notes her blood pressure is 145/90 mm Hg and she has gained three pounds since her last visit. Mrs. Collins tells the nurse she was trying earlier to walk to her mailbox at the end of the driveway and couldn’t because she was out of breath. Mrs. Collins’ husband and 16-year-old grandson are at the clinic with her.
Case Study Analysis Assignment Outline:
The case study analysis paper should include the following sections with responses and rationales for all the prompts.
Introduction (3-5 paragraphs)
Provide an overview of the pathophysiology of the disease exhibited by the client. Include:
• What additional assessment findings would you look for?
• What lab abnormalities would you expect to see?
• What diagnostics would you anticipate the healthcare team ordering?
• Provide a rationale for your answers.
Implications for Self-Care (2 paragraphs)
• Consider Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and describe where the client falls in that hierarchy and how this will impact care and healing.
• How does this disease process impact the client’s and/or their care provider’s ability to care for themselves?
Patient Education Strategy (2-3 paragraphs)
• Identify 3-5 appropriate nursing interventions and teaching points for your client based on the pathophysiology and assessment findings.
• Describe the educational strategies that should be incorporated when building a plan of care for your client.
• Support with rationale.
Interdisciplinary Collaboration (2-3 paragraphs)
• Identify 2-4 interdisciplinary team members who need to be included in the care of the client. Include rationale.
• Consider the care the client will need while inpatient and upon discharge.
• Consider nutrition, community services, and financial implications.
Conclusion
• Summarize the key concepts of this disease process and client case study scenario.
References
• A minimum of three references should be used in this paper.
• References should be no more than five years old. Exceptions include seminal works, such as original publications by nurse theorists.

Sample Answer

Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Study Analysis

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible condition characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function over time. In the case of Mrs. Collins, her CKD necessitates dialysis twice a week The pathophysiology of CKD the impaired filtration and ex of waste products, electrolyte imbalances, fluid retention, and the dysulation of blood pressure.

assessment findings should include Mrs. Collins’ fluid status, such as monitoring for signs edema or pulmonary congestion. It also be important to assess her urine output and characteristics, as well as any signs of electrolyte imbalances, such as muscle weakness or changes in mental status.

Lab abnormalities that may be expected in CKD include elevated serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels due to impaired kidney function. Electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, may also be present. Additionally, a complete blood count (CBC) may reveal anemia due to decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys.

Diagnostics that may be ordered by the healthcare team could include a renal ultrasound or CT scan to assess the structure and size of the kidneys. A urinalysis may be helpful to evaluate for proteinuria or hematuria, which are common in CKD. A renal biopsy may also be considered to determine the underlying cause of the kidney disease.

Implications for Self-Care

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Mrs. Collins’ chronic kidney disease places her in the physiological needs category. This means that her primary focus will be on meeting her basic needs for food, water, rest, and medical care. The impact of this disease process on Mrs. Collins and her care providers is significant. It requires adherence to a strict dialysis schedule, dietary restrictions, and medication management. The physical and emotional toll of managing a chronic illness can be overwhelming for both the patient and their caregivers.

Patient Education Strategy

Fluid and Salt Restriction: Mrs. Collins should be educated about the importance of adhering to fluid and salt restrictions to manage her fluid balance and blood pressure. Teaching points may include measuring and recording daily fluid intake and limiting sodium-rich foods.

Medication Management: Mrs. Collins should be educated about her prescribed medications, including their purpose, potential side effects, and proper administration. Special attention should be given to medications used to control blood pressure and manage anemia.

Exercise and Mobility: Mrs. Collins should be encouraged to engage in regular physical activity within her capabilities to improve cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and overall well-being. Teaching points may include recommending suitable exercises and emphasizing the importance of gradually increasing activity levels.

Dietary Modifications: Mrs. Collins should receive guidance on following a kidney-friendly diet that limits protein intake and focuses on nutrient-rich foods. Teaching points may include portion control, identifying high-potassium and high-phosphorus foods, and understanding the role of protein in CKD.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Nephrologist: A nephroist is an essential of the healthcare team for managing CKD. They will specialized medical care, including monitoring kidney function, adjusting medications and coordinating dialysis treatments.

Registered Dietitian: A registereditian is crucial in providing nutritional guidance tailored to Mrs Collins’ specific needs. They can help create a personalized meal plan that optimizes nutritional status while considering her dietary restrictions3. Social Worker: A social can play a vital role in addressing the emotional and psychosocial aspects of living CKD. They can provide, services, and help connect the patient and family with community resources.

. Pharmacist: A pharmacist can collaborate with healthcare team to ensure medication safety, optimize drug therapy, address any concerns or questions related to medication management.

Conclusion

Chronic kidney disease is a complex condition that requires ongoing and interdisciplinary collaboration. Understanding the pathophysiology assessment findings, and educational strategies are essential for providing holistic care to like Mrs. Collins. By addressing her physiological, collaborating with various healthcare professionals, focusing on patient education, we can to improve her quality of life and promote optimal-care management.

References:

. National Kidney Foundation (2019). Kidney Disease (CKD) Stages & Risk Factors.
2. Huether, S.E., & McCance, K.L. (2017). Understanding Pathophysiology (6th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
3. National Institute of Diabetes and Digest and Kidney (NID).2021). Treatment Methods forney Failure: Hemodialysis.
4. Smeltzer, S., & Bare, B.G. (2020). Brunner Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical (14th ed.). Philadelphia: Wol Kluwer.
5. Turgutalp,., & Bardak, S. (2018). Diagnostic Approach to Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation of Patients with Suspected Chronic Kidney Disease.

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