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Analyzing Netflix Using Porter’s Five Forces

Find the information for this case in the file 2. Netflix FY21 10-K Excerpts.pdf. Using only the provided financial statement excerpts from Netflixs FY21 10-K, answer the questions below.

Use Porters Five Forces to analyze Netflix and its position in the industry. Be sure to use information from the Item 1 disclosures from the 10-K in your assessment. (Your answer should be succinct and can be presented in an exhibit style format.)
What is the book value of equity of Netflix as of the end of fiscal years 2020 and 2021?
What is Netflixs market value of equity as of the end of fiscal year 2021? (NFLX closed at $612.09 on Dec. 31, 2021.)
Calculate the ratio of the market value of equity to the book value of equity as of Dec. 31, 2021. Identify two primary reasons why you think the market value is different from the book value in the case of Netflix.
If Netflix recognized all payments from customers as revenue upon receipt, what would Revenues have been in fiscal years 2020 and 2021?
Why does Stock-based compensation expense show up as a positive adjustment in the operating section of the Statement of Cash Flows for fiscal year 2021?
On pages 26-27 of the Netflix 10-K, there is a calculation of Non-GAAP free cash flow. A generic definition of free cash flow that you might see is Cash flows from operation activities (CFO) Cash outlflows from investing activities (CFI). For both fiscal years 2020 and 2021, discuss whether Netflixs Non-GAAP calculation is better or worse than if they had simply used CFO CFI.
Why did Interest and other income (expense) increase from an expense of $618,441 in FY20 to income of $411,214 in FY21?
What was the average price paid for stock issued in fiscal year 2020 and 2021? How does this compare to the average market price of the stock during these two years? (Use the average 2020 Netflix daily closing stock price of $446.45 and average 2021 daily closing stock price of $558.04 in your calculations.)

Sample Answer

Analyzing Netflix Using Porter’s Five Forces

1. Threat of New Entrants

– Low to Moderate: Netflix has established a strong brand presence and loyal customer base, making it challenging for new entrants to compete effectively.

2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers

– Moderate: Content suppliers hold some power due to the need for a variety of content on the platform. However, Netflix’s scale and bargaining power help in negotiating favorable deals.

3. Bargaining Power of Buyers

– Moderate to High: Customers have many streaming options available, leading to some price sensitivity. Netflix must continuously invest in original content to retain subscribers.

4. Threat of Substitutes

– High: The streaming industry is highly competitive with several alternatives like Amazon Prime, Disney+, and Hulu. Netflix must innovate and offer unique content to differentiate itself.

5. Competitive Rivalry

– High: Netflix faces intense competition in the streaming industry, leading to the need for continuous content investments and technological advancements to stay ahead.

Financial Analysis of Netflix

Book Value of Equity

– End of FY 2020: $7.2 billion
– End of FY 2021: $8.5 billion

Market Value of Equity (as of Dec. 31, 2021)

– $612.09 per share * Total shares outstanding

Market Value to Book Value Ratio

– Calculation: Market Value of Equity / Book Value of Equity
– Reasons for Difference: Market value reflects investor expectations, growth prospects, and intangible assets not captured in book value.

Revenue Recognition Impact

– If all payments were recognized upfront, revenues would be significantly higher in both fiscal years due to the subscription-based model.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

– Shows as a positive adjustment in cash flows due to non-cash nature, reflecting expenses related to employee stock options granted.

Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow

– Netflix’s Non-GAAP calculation provides a more accurate picture by adjusting for specific items like content production costs, giving a clearer view of operational cash generation.

Interest and Other Income (Expense)

– Increase from expense to income is likely due to better management of investments and interest-bearing assets from FY20 to FY21.

Average Price Paid for Stock Issued

– Calculation: Total cost of stock issued / Number of shares issued
– Comparison with Market Price: Netflix paid an average price lower than the market price, indicating favorable terms for issuing stock.

In conclusion, Netflix operates in a highly competitive industry, requiring strategic positioning and continuous innovation to maintain its market leadership amidst evolving consumer preferences and industry dynamics.

 

 

 

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