The Behavioral View of Learning and its Application in the Classroom

The Behavioral View of Learning and its Application in the Classroom

The behavioral view of learning, also known as behaviorism, is a psychological perspective that focuses on observable behaviors and the environmental factors that influence them. According to this view, learning occurs through the interactions between individuals and their environment, with behavior being shaped by reinforcements and punishments. Applying behavioral theory in the classroom can enhance learning by providing clear expectations, using reinforcement strategies, and promoting positive behavior.

Clear Expectations: One of the key aspects of applying behavioral theory in the classroom is establishing clear expectations for student behavior. This involves setting specific rules and guidelines that outline how students should behave in various situations. Clear expectations help students understand what is expected of them, reducing confusion and providing a structured learning environment. For example, a teacher may establish rules such as raising hands to ask questions, listening attentively when others are speaking, and respecting classmates’ opinions. By clearly defining these expectations, students are more likely to engage in appropriate behaviors and focus on their learning.

Reinforcement Strategies: Reinforcement is a fundamental concept in behavioral theory. It involves providing consequences that increase the likelihood of desirable behaviors being repeated. In the classroom, teachers can use reinforcement strategies to enhance learning. Positive reinforcement involves providing rewards or praise when students exhibit desired behaviors. For example, a teacher may offer verbal praise or stickers to students who actively participate in class discussions or complete their assignments on time. This positive reinforcement encourages students to continue engaging in those behaviors. On the other hand, negative reinforcement involves removing aversive stimuli when students display appropriate behavior. For instance, a teacher may reduce the amount of homework for students who consistently submit high-quality work. These reinforcement strategies motivate students to engage in positive behaviors and create a positive learning environment.

Promoting Positive Behavior: Another way to apply behavioral theory in the classroom is by promoting positive behavior through social modeling and peer influence. Students learn by observing and imitating the behaviors of others. Teachers can model desired behaviors such as active listening, respectful communication, and problem-solving skills. By consistently modeling these behaviors, teachers provide students with examples to follow. Additionally, peer influence can be leveraged to promote positive behavior. Group activities and cooperative learning structures create opportunities for students to interact and learn from each other. Positive peer interactions can reinforce appropriate behavior and encourage students to adopt positive attitudes and habits.

Sources of evidence:

1. Ormrod, J. E. (2016). Educational psychology: Developing learners (8th ed.). Pearson.
2. Woolfolk, A., & Margetts, K. (2016). Educational psychology (4th ed.). Pearson.

These sources provide comprehensive insights into behavioral theory and its application in educational settings.

In conclusion, the behavioral view of learning emphasizes the importance of observable behaviors and their environmental influences. By applying behavioral theory in the classroom, teachers can enhance learning by establishing clear expectations, using reinforcement strategies, and promoting positive behavior. Clear expectations provide structure and guide students’ actions, while reinforcement strategies motivate and reinforce desirable behaviors. Additionally, promoting positive behavior through social modeling and peer influence creates a positive learning environment. By incorporating these principles into their teaching practices, educators can create an engaging and effective learning environment that supports students’ academic and behavioral development.