Special Education Timeline

The inclusion of individuals with disabilities, both in schools and in the community, has changed significantly over the last 100 years. This has been influenced by a variety of events, court cases, and laws. It is important for special education teachers to be aware of what has instigated these changes. In addition, special education teachers need to be knowledgeable of the laws that are related to special education and how they will affect service delivery to special education students.
Part 1: Timeline
Create a timeline of the history of special education from the late 1800s to the current year. Include 10-12 major events, laws, and court cases that, in your opinion, have influenced special education. Provide a 25-50 word description of each factor in the timeline and a rationale for your selection.
Part 2: Summary
In 250-500 words summarize the changes in special education portrayed in the timeline. Emphasize the two key special education laws, the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Discuss how each has influenced the inclusion of individuals with disabilities in the educational setting.
In addition, reflect upon how knowledge of special education history will affect ethical decisions in your future professional practice.
Cite the “Special Education Professional Ethical Principles” to support your stance.
Support your findings with a minimum of two scholarly resources.

Sample Solution

Part 1: Timeline

Year	Event, Law, or Court Case	Description	Rationale for Selection
1817	American School for the Deaf founded	First school for deaf children in the United States	Established the precedent for specialized education for students with disabilities.
1848	Edouard Seguin immigrates to the United States	Develops influential guidelines for educating children with intellectual disabilities	His methods emphasized independence and self-reliance, which are still considered important today.
1954	Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka	Ruling that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional	Established the principle of equal educational opportunity for all students, including those with disabilities.
1965	Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) passed	Provided federal funding for special education programs	Helped to expand access to special education services for students with disabilities.
1973	Rehabilitation Act of 1973 passed	Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in federally funded programs	Established the precedent for the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
1975	Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) passed	Guaranteed all students with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate education	The EHA was renamed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1990.
1982	Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley	Ruling that schools must provide “educationally meaningful” services to students with disabilities	Helped to clarify the requirements of the EHA/IDEA.
1990	Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) passed	Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in all areas of public life, including education	The ADA has helped to increase the inclusion of students with disabilities in all aspects of society.
1997	IDEA reauthorized	Reaffirmed the right of all students with disabilities to a free and appropriate education	The reauthorization of IDEA also included provisions for more inclusive educational settings.
2004	Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) passed	Reauthorized IDEA	The IDEIA made further changes to the law, including requiring schools to develop transition plans for students with disabilities.

Part 2: Summary

The history of special education has been marked by a gradual shift from segregation to inclusion. In the early days, students with disabilities were often excluded from public schools altogether, or they were placed in separate classrooms or schools. However, over time, there has been a growing recognition that students with disabilities have the right to be educated in the same schools as their non-disabled peers.

The two key laws that have influenced the inclusion of students with disabilities in education are the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The ADA prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in all areas of public life, including education. The IDEA guarantees all students with disabilities the right to a free and appropriate education in the least restrictive environment possible.

The ADA and IDEA have helped to increase the inclusion of students with disabilities in all aspects of society, including education. However, there is still more work to be done. Many students with disabilities continue to face barriers to inclusion, such as inaccessible buildings and lack of support services.

As a future special education teacher, I believe that it is important to be aware of the history of special education and the laws that have shaped it. This knowledge will help me to make ethical decisions about how to best serve my students. For example, I will be mindful of the principle of least restrictive environment, which means that I will try to place students with disabilities in general education classrooms whenever possible. I will also be aware of the need to provide students with the accommodations and supports they need to be successful.

I believe that the Special Education Professional Ethical Principles (SEPEP) are a valuable guide for ethical decision-making in special education. The SEPEP emphasize the importance of providing students with disabilities with a free and appropriate education, as well as the need to respect the dignity and worth of all students. I will strive to uphold these principles in my future practice.

References

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990.
Special Education Professional Ethical Principles (SEPEP).
National Association of Special Education Teachers (NASET).
Council for Exceptional Children (CEC).

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