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one of the political cultures (pages 81-89 in Fowler) and develop a 150-200 word position statement suggesting how organizational leaders should work within it.
Individualistic Political Culture
The individualistic political culture developed in Middle Atlantic states such as Pennsylvania and New Jersey; settlers from this area spread it westward. Moreover, in the twentieth century, its influence spread into southern New England, changing the flavor of politics in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. In the individualistic culture, politics is understood as a type of marketplace in which the government should serve utilitarian—primarily economic—purposes. Members of this culture believe government should keep to a strict minimum its intervention in “private” spheres such as business, the family, and churches; however, they do want it to provide the framework needed to keep the economy working efficiently. In this culture, politics is seen as a business like any other; individuals enter it in order to advance themselves socially and financially. The political process is based on an exchange of favors that exists within a system of mutual obligation. For example, in exchange for a large campaign contribution from a corporation, a state representative may vote against a law that the corporation opposes. Or, at the local level, a city councilman may help the son of a loyal party worker get a job teaching in the city schools. The party machine—based on a complex system of mutual obligations and strong party loyalty—is an institution typical of this culture. Issues, ideas, and ideology are unimportant in it, as is tradition. and strict respect for the system of mutual obligation are what really count. At its best, politics in this culture operates in a smooth, efficient, and businesslike manner; at its worst, it becomes corrupt. The individualistic culture is more susceptible to corruption than are the other two cultures, which is perhaps why people in the individualistic culture frequently consider political activity morally questionable or “dirty.”
The individualistic political culture has made important contributions to the nation as a whole. In particular, its emphasis on smooth, efficient, businesslike government has had a national impact, as has its preference for nonideological politics. However, it is vulnerable to the criticism that its practitioners have no principles and believe that everything is for sale to the highest bidder (Elazar, 2003). Several of the political developments of recent years, including the rise of the Religious Right, Ralph Nader’s visibility during presidential campaigns, and the Tea Party Movement can be understood in part as a rejection of individualistic politics by people from the traditionalistic and moralistic cultures.
